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Top 10 Animals with the strangest hearts in the world

Due to different body sizes and characteristics, the hearts of each animal species are also diverse in size and characteristics. At rest, the human heart beats 60 to 80 times a minute, but during the same period, a hibernating hedgehog's heart beats only 5 times and a hummingbird's heart can reach 1,260 beats . A human heart weighs about 0.6 pounds (0.3 kg), while a giraffe's heart weighs about 25 pounds (11 kg). Let's take a look at the species with the most special hearts in the animal world through the list below.

1. Frog

Daniel Mulcahy, a research associate specializing in amphibians and reptiles at the Smithsonian Institution, Museum of Natural History in Washington, said mammals and birds have four-chambered hearts but this number is only three. in frogs. In most species, the heart is responsible for taking deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs to get oxygen and supply it to other organs. In humans, oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood are contained in separate compartments. But in frogs, grooves called trabeculae keep oxygenated blood separate from deoxygenated blood in the same compartment.


Mulcahy said frogs can get oxygen not only from their lungs but also from their skin. When deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, it is conducted into the ventricles and then out to the lungs and skin for oxygen. Even more strange is that frogs' hearts can freeze. The wood frog's heart completely stops beating when the frog freezes during hibernation.
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2. Whale

The heart of the blue whale holds the record for the largest in the world of animals living today. It was about the size of a small car and weighed about 430 pounds, said James Mead of the department of vertebrate zoology at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. Like other mammals, the whale's heart has four chambers. When blue whales dive deep into the ocean, their heart rate slows to 4 beats per minute, which helps them prolong their breathing during the dive and can even reduce decompression sickness.


The blue whale is the largest living animal and the heaviest that has ever existed, its mouth can swallow an entire football team of 11 players and its heart is the size of a 4-seater car. In general, blue whales in the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans are smaller than individuals in waters near Antarctica. However, an average measurement value in the range of 150-170 tons was recorded for the 27 m long individual. An individual with a length of 30 m according to the US National Marine Mammal Laboratory (National Marine Mammal Laboratory) reaches 180 tons. The largest blue whale identified by scientists here is a female with a mass of 177 tons.
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3. Octopus and squid

Known for possessing up to 3 hearts in one body, molluscs such as squid and octopus maintain respiration by pumping oxygen through blood vessels with 2 hearts on both sides of the body while the fruit The central heart transports oxygen to the remaining organs. Cephalopods (mollusks) also have literally green blood because they contain the element copper in their blood.


Octopuses have 8 tentacle-like limbs, this feature is reflected in their scientific name, derived from Greek: ὀκτώπους meaning "eight legs". These arms are a type of muscular hydrostatic chamber. Unlike most other molluscs, most octopuses in the suborder Incirrina have completely soft bodies without an endoskeleton. They do not have a protective outer shell like snails or any vestiges of internal shell or bone, like sea squids or squids. A parrot-like beak is the only sturdy part of the octopus. It helps octopuses squeeze through reef crevices when fleeing from enemies. Octopuses in the suborder Cirrina have two fins and an internal shell that reduces their ability to squeeze into small spaces.
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4. Cockroach

Like other insects, cockroaches have an open circulatory system, meaning their blood is not filled with blood vessels. Blood in cockroaches flows through a single structure with 12 to 13 compartments, said Don Moore III, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian National Park in Washington, D.C.


“Cockroaches and other insects breathe through openings on their body surfaces instead of their lungs, so the blood doesn't need to carry oxygen from one place to another,” Moore says. Instead of being called blood, this substance is called hemolymph, which contains nutrients and is white or yellow in color. Cockroaches' hearts also don't beat on their own. Muscles in the cavity expand and contract to help the heart send hemolymph to the rest of the body.
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5. Worm

Do you want to "capture" the hearts of worms? That's impossible because they actually don't have a heart. Instead, the worm has five pseudoparts that wrap around its esophagus. These prosthetics do not pump blood, but they compress blood vessels to help circulate blood throughout the body. It also has no lungs and absorbs oxygen through its moist skin. Earthworms have red blood containing hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen, but unlike humans, worms have an open circulatory system.


A very interesting characteristic of earthworms is the ability to restore living organisms. If earthworms are unfortunately split in half, they can still live without the other part. However, the two separate parts are still one individual. Earthworms absolutely cannot form two new individuals when separated.
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6. Zebra fish

Zebrafish also have a unique heart. In addition to an atrium and a ventricle, they also have two structures never before seen in humans: the sinus venosus (a sac located in front of the atrium) and the ductus arteriosus (a tube located just behind the ventricle).

But why is the heart in fish structured like that? Because fish gills are very fragile and can be damaged if blood pressure is too high. The bulbus ductus arteriosus itself is very elastic compared to the muscular nature of the ventricle.


Besides, zebrafish hearts can regenerate. When a zebrafish suffers heart damage, it can immediately regenerate a new one to replace it. Research shows that zebrafish can regrow 20% of destroyed heart muscle in just two months. The heart of this fish has only one atrium and one ventricle and has two completely different structures compared to the human heart.
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7. Myxini

Lamprey myxini is a strange sea fish shaped like an eel and can secrete up to nearly 4 liters of mucus. This slime is fibrous and wraps around the myxini lamprey like a cocoon to protect them. The entire body of the myxini lamprey is quite strange, including the rudimentary vertebrae and the shape of the skull.


But the strangest thing is probably that they have 4 hearts. One heart has the main responsibility of pumping blood, it is called the brachial heart, while the other three hearts play a supporting role. The heart of the sucker fish is distributed in many different areas of the body.
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8. Hummingbird

The human heart typically beats 72 beats per minute, but at the same time, the heart of animals like hummingbirds beats 1,260 times during flight. Hummingbirds' heart rate can rise to 1,200 times/minute, and their breathing rate is 250 times/minute.


In addition, the Hummingbird, a strange bird, holds many records in the bird world such as having the fastest flight speed, the only bird that can fly backwards, and the smallest bird. Below are 19 interesting things about hummingbirds, invite you to explore. Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly backwards because their wings can move freely in the direction of their shoulders. This special structure also allows hummingbirds to fly in one place and keep the bird's head fixed. Hummingbirds are famous for their ability to flap their wings extremely fast at a frequency of 70-80 times/second. With a length of about 8cm and a weight of 2 - 20 grams, hummingbirds are the smallest birds on Earth.
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9. Giraffe

The human heart weighs about 0.3kg, but a giraffe's weighs up to 12kg because this species needs a strong heart to pump blood through its long neck. Giraffes have a very large heart, they weigh about 12kg. When a giraffe raises its head, the blood vessels on its head divert almost all the blood to the brain and not to other parts of the head such as the cheeks, tongue or skin. At the same time, its thick skin and a strange bundle of muscles in the veins - veins usually have no muscles - will replenish blood pressure in the veins so that the veins can carry blood from the head back to the heart.


Blood will rush to the giraffe's head when it lowers its head to the ground and blood pressure will double. When the animal raised its head to nibble on a leaf, the blood receded quickly.
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10. Polar bears

In winter in the Arctic, the temperature drops very low, making food very scarce. Polar bears tend to reduce their heart rate to conserve energy during hibernation. Their sleep is usually not deep. Heart rate decreased from 70 times to 8 times/minute, body temperature remained unchanged. They can immediately wake up when needed. When in the cave, they do not eat and live on body fat; During this time, they do not defecate or urinate.


When the environmental temperature drops and it is difficult to find food, polar bears begin to hibernate. Polar bears also have a layer of fat up to 10 cm thick to help keep their bodies warm, even when the temperature drops to -40 degrees Celsius. Polar bears are very well insulated, if observed with an infrared camera, we can only see them. just their feet. Therefore, when encountering unfavorable winter conditions, or when female bears are pregnant, they just crawl into their burrows, curl up and sleep to avoid the cold and save energy.
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